Maritime: Vessel turnaround time

Ship tunround time = Total time spent by a ship in port
Components of ship turnround time:
- Waiting time
- Berthing/unberthing time
- Berth time (Service time)
Waiting time is normally a small proportion of turnround time. However, berth time is the component which when reduced can substantially reduce ship turnround time.
The berth time depends on the quantity of cargo a vessel has to load or discharge, the type and characteristics of a vessel, the type of equipment and other resources used at berth.
The source outlines the approaches and examples to consider when developing such an indicator.